{
 "id": "m-9c11f7c85b",
 "slug": "portsmouth-tower-mall",
 "type": "mall",
 "name": "Tower Mall",
 "aka": [],
 "city": "Portsmouth",
 "county": "Portsmouth city",
 "state": "VA",
 "country": "US",
 "census_division": 5,
 "lat": 36.81111,
 "lon": -76.35556,
 "geocode_method": null,
 "address": null,
 "metro": null,
 "original_use": "mall",
 "year_opened": 1973,
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 "acres": 53.0,
 "gla_sqft": null,
 "stores_peak": null,
 "levels": null,
 "original_developer": null,
 "original_architect": null,
 "before_notes": "Wikipedia categories: Demolished shopping malls in the United States",
 "strategy": [
  "redevelop"
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 "new_use": [
  "retail"
 ],
 "share_retrofit": null,
 "status": "demolished",
 "year_retrofit": null,
 "developer": null,
 "architect": null,
 "after_notes": "Victory Crossing shopping center",
 "narrative": "Victory Crossing, formerly Tower Mall, was a shopping mall located in Portsmouth, Virginia. The shopping mall opened in 1973. The mall's original primary anchors were Bradlees and Montgomery Ward. It also had some of the most popular mall chains of the 1970s and 1980s including Orange Bowl and Merry Go Round. Primary anchors left the mall vacant by the mid-1990s. The mall was 600,000\u00a0sq\u00a0ft (56,000\u00a0m2) on a 53 acres (21\u00a0ha) site. The building was demolished in 2001, to make way for a big-box shopping center. Victory Crossing shopping center currently occupies the site of the former Tower Mall.",
 "narrative_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
 "narrative_source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Crossing",
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 "public_subsidy": null,
 "entitlement_year": null,
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 "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Crossing",
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 "verified": "draft",
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 "last_updated": "2026-10-18",
 "created": "2026-10-18",
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 "international": 0,
 "county_fips": "51740",
 "opp_score": 50.0,
 "opp_reasons": [
  "closed or demolished site (sourced)",
  "53 acres"
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 "for_sale": 0,
 "distressed": 0,
 "deep": {
  "demolition_year": {
   "value": "2001",
   "quote": "The building was demolished in 2001, to make way for a big-box shopping center."
  },
  "gla_sqft_before": {
   "value": "600000",
   "quote": "The mall was 600,000 sq ft (56,000 m2) on a 53 acres (21 ha) site."
  },
  "site_acres": {
   "value": "53",
   "quote": "The mall was 600,000 sq ft (56,000 m2) on a 53 acres (21 ha) site."
  }
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   "name": "Bradlees",
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  {
   "slug": "anchor-montgomery-ward",
   "name": "Montgomery Ward",
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   "slug": "era-opened-1970s",
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   "name": "15-minute neighborhood (5+ of 6 daily needs within 800 m)",
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   "slug": "place-high-traffic",
   "name": "30,000+ vehicles a day on an adjacent road",
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   "slug": "place-grocery-800m",
   "name": "Grocery within 800 m",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "9 stores",
   "origin": "openstreetmap"
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   "slug": "place-freeway-frontage",
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   "grp": "place",
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   "slug": "place-walkable",
   "name": "Walkable block group (EPA \u2265 12)",
   "grp": "place",
   "evidence": "index 14.3",
   "origin": "epa-walkability"
  },
  {
   "slug": "strategy-redevelop",
   "name": "Redeveloped",
   "grp": "strategy",
   "evidence": "Victory Crossing shopping center",
   "origin": "extraction"
  },
  {
   "slug": "use-retail",
   "name": "Retail (continued)",
   "grp": "use",
   "evidence": "Victory Crossing shopping center",
   "origin": "extraction"
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   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Crossing",
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 "parties": [],
 "events": [
  {
   "id": 2775,
   "site_id": "m-9c11f7c85b",
   "date": null,
   "year": 1973,
   "kind": "note",
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  {
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   "year": 2001,
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 ],
 "gallery": [
  {
   "title": "File:Trivia Where Is This? (3686341889).jpg",
   "thumb_url": "/img/portsmouth-tower-mall-geo.jpg",
   "desc_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Trivia_Where_Is_This%3F_%283686341889%29.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0",
   "author": "Michael Ragsdale from Norfolk, VA",
   "date": "2009-07-03",
   "source": "commons-geo",
   "checked": "no:exterior:3"
  }
 ],
 "anchors": [
  {
   "name": "Montgomery Ward",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "named in text"
  },
  {
   "name": "Bradlees",
   "wikipedia": null,
   "category": "named in text"
  }
 ],
 "deals": [],
 "owner_of_record": null,
 "ctx": {
  "assessment": {
   "what_happened": "Tower Mall opened in 1973 with anchor stores Bradlees and Montgomery Ward and other 1970s\u201180s chains. By the mid\u20111990s the primary anchors had vacated the mall, leaving it largely empty. The building was demolished in 2001 to make way for the Victory Crossing shopping center, which now occupies the 53\u2011acre site.",
   "why": "The record shows that the departure of the main anchors (Bradlees and Montgomery Ward) led to prolonged vacancy, which prompted the demolition and redevelopment. No other causes such as competition, debt, or demolition orders are mentioned in the record.",
   "where_it_stands": "The site is currently occupied by Victory Crossing shopping center; the record does not specify who controls or owns the property.",
   "for_a_planner": [
    "The record indicates a redevelopment strategy aimed at retail use.",
    "No specific policy tools, incentives, or zoning actions are cited in the record.",
    "Open questions include what entitlements or approvals were required for the demolition and new construction.",
    "It is unclear whether any community input or environmental review processes were documented."
   ],
   "for_a_developer": [
    "The site comprises 53 acres, as extracted from the record.",
    "Current control or ownership of the property is not stated in the record.",
    "The entitlement stage (e.g., zoning, permits) for the Victory Crossing development is not described.",
    "Context\u2011layer constraints such as flood risk, transit access, or environmental conditions are not mentioned.",
    "Market signals from surrounding tract data (e.g., demographics, spending) are absent from the record."
   ],
   "risks_and_unknowns": [
    "Owner or controlling entity of the site after demolition is unknown.",
    "Current tenant mix and lease terms at Victory Crossing are not provided.",
    "Zoning designation and any land\u2011use restrictions are not stated.",
    "Floodplain, wetland, or other environmental constraints are not documented.",
    "Transit proximity and accessibility details are missing.",
    "Financial aspects such as demolition cost, public subsidies, or project financing are not recorded.",
    "The record is marked as 'verified: draft', indicating possible unreviewed or model\u2011extracted information."
   ],
   "data_quality": "partial",
   "one_line": "Tower Mall opened 1973, lost anchors by mid\u20111990s, demolished 2001, replaced by Victory Crossing retail center on 53 acres site.",
   "model": "nvidia/nemotron-3-super-120b-a12b",
   "machine": "NVIDIA API via Hermes CT",
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    [
     "202605",
     71
    ],
    [
     "202606",
     100
    ],
    [
     "202607",
     76
    ],
    [
     "202608",
     42
    ],
    [
     "202609",
     52
    ],
    [
     "202610",
     0
    ]
   ],
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "peers": {
   "peers": [
    {
     "id": "m-8eeeeebb8f",
     "name": "Coliseum Mall",
     "city": "Hampton",
     "state": "VA",
     "score": 10.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (75 acres)",
      "opened 1973",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-d92eee1c63",
     "name": "Carousel Mall",
     "city": "San Bernardino",
     "state": "CA",
     "score": 8.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (43 acres)",
      "opened 1972",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-b80e875f0d",
     "name": "Huntington Center",
     "city": "Huntington Beach",
     "state": "CA",
     "score": 8.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (58 acres)",
      "opened 1966",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-8889d593d0",
     "name": "Laguna Hills Mall",
     "city": "Laguna Hills",
     "state": "CA",
     "score": 8.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (68 acres)",
      "opened 1973",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-f127e61001",
     "name": "Methuen Mall",
     "city": "Methuen",
     "state": "MA",
     "score": 8.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (60 acres)",
      "opened 1973",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    },
    {
     "id": "m-dea9dcb49a",
     "name": "Mohawk Mall",
     "city": "Niskayuna",
     "state": "NY",
     "score": 8.5,
     "why": [
      "similar size (50 acres)",
      "opened 1970",
      "same strategy: redevelop"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "method": "size, era, strategy, status, type, state, distance"
  },
  "permits": {
   "county": "Portsmouth (Independent City)",
   "2024": {
    "units_1": 188,
    "units_2_4": 0,
    "units_5plus": 112,
    "value_total": 32066098
   },
   "2023": {
    "units_1": 73,
    "units_2_4": 0,
    "units_5plus": 0,
    "value_total": 10267090
   },
   "retrieved": "2026-10-18"
  },
  "qcew_retail": {
   "county": "51740",
   "year": 2025,
   "establishments": 240,
   "employment": 2565,
   "avg_annual_pay": 32633,
   "lq_employment": 0.6,
   "employment_change_1y": -6.4,
   "source": "BLS QCEW 2025 annual, county, NAICS 44-45 retail trade, private",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "retail_trend": {
   "2012": {
    "estab": 274,
    "emp": 3125
   },
   "2023": {
    "estab": 258,
    "emp": 3154
   },
   "estab_change": -0.058,
   "emp_change": 0.009,
   "county_fips": "51740"
  },
  "schools": {
   "district": "Portsmouth City Public Schools",
   "district_geoid": "5103000",
   "grades": "PK-12",
   "district_vintage": "SY2024-25",
   "public_schools_1mi": 0,
   "schools": [],
   "schools_vintage": "SY2023-24",
   "source": "NCES EDGE",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "storms": {
   "county": "51740",
   "years": "2016-2025",
   "events": 50,
   "by_type": {
    "Heavy Rain": 19,
    "Thunderstorm Wind": 15,
    "Flash Flood": 10,
    "Flood": 3,
    "Lightning": 2,
    "Hail": 1
   },
   "property_damage_usd": 3188000,
   "deaths_direct": 0,
   "injuries_direct": 1,
   "note": "county-typed events only; events logged to forecast zones (CZ_TYPE Z: most winter, heat, flood and coastal events) are not counted",
   "source": "NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, details files",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "svi": {
   "tract": "51740212600",
   "overall_pct": 0.66,
   "socioeconomic_pct": 0.71,
   "household_pct": 0.76,
   "minority_pct": 0.82,
   "housing_transport_pct": 0.29,
   "pop": 1806,
   "poverty150_share": 14.6,
   "no_vehicle_share": 4.9,
   "minority_share": 74.8,
   "unemployed_share": 8.2,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "tract": {
   "geoid": "51740212600",
   "pop": 1753,
   "pop_per_sqmi": 1968,
   "median_hh_income": 71333,
   "median_gross_rent": 1650,
   "renter_share": 0.19,
   "vacancy_rate": 0.056,
   "transit_commute_share": 0.0,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "tract_change": {
   "geoid": "51740212600",
   "y2013": {
    "pop": 993,
    "median_hh_income": 52310,
    "renter_share": 0.238,
    "median_home_value": 152200
   },
   "y2023": {
    "pop": 1753,
    "median_hh_income": 71333,
    "renter_share": 0.195,
    "median_home_value": 273800
   },
   "retrieved": "2026-10-16",
   "pop_change": 0.765,
   "median_hh_income_change": 0.364,
   "renter_share_change": -0.043,
   "median_home_value_change": 0.799
  },
  "traffic": {
   "max_aadt": 58736,
   "trucks_aadt": 4172,
   "road": "264",
   "class": "Interstate",
   "lanes": 4,
   "segments_600m": 21,
   "year": "2024",
   "source": "FHWA HPMS",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-20"
  },
  "transit": {
   "rail_stations": [],
   "bus_stops": 0,
   "bus_stations": [],
   "motorway_junctions": [
    "3",
    "4",
    "6;5",
    "junction"
   ],
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "walk": {
   "geoid": "517402126001",
   "walk_index": 14.3,
   "intersection_density": 82.5,
   "road_density": 22.4,
   "transit_distance_m": 594.0,
   "land_use_mix": 0.72,
   "jobs_per_acre": 3.21,
   "jobs_45min_auto": 83119,
   "jobs_45min_transit": 26242,
   "zero_car_share": 0,
   "pop": 29,
   "housing_units": 19,
   "acres_land": 362.0,
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  },
  "web": {
   "images": [
    {
     "title": "Mallmanac.com: Tower Mall, Portsmouth, VA",
     "page": "http://www.mallmanac.com/2013/09/no-supply-no-demand-tower-mall.html",
     "host": "mallmanac.com",
     "img": "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPQ3H43L9oCXl4ihf2dtvoZPkUEOVrlluzB6lChxQbk1qC8nsGsMZGCFlbvAUs7W6-6dMeV_Kjkt5GaerA_9ZOrU19fWT8_-4E9U90R-gStRjtM9xkhMfNb9yW1BZ32JuQZw31wbEoYZdypD-9yDKeTrADZy40VIMsK7G8QkJ7VBeEdqu8IxXeYvLrBmMA/s1067/Tower Mall, Portsmouth, VA 007a.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Tower Mall, Portsmouth, VA",
     "page": "http://mallmanac.blogspot.com/2013/09/no-supply-no-demand-tower-mall.html?m=1",
     "host": "mallmanac.blogspot.com",
     "img": "https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f6/69/aa/f669aac6f94614fd14aaea27247621b1.jpg",
     "engine": "pinterest"
    },
    {
     "title": "WAVY Archive: 1983 Portsmouth Tower Mall",
     "page": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrawIVleHLg",
     "host": "youtube.com",
     "img": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/xrawIVleHLg/hqdefault.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Towers Mall Renovation - Interior CreationsInterior Creations",
     "page": "https://interiorcreation.net/portfolio/commercial/towers-mall-renovation/",
     "host": "interiorcreation.net",
     "img": "https://interiorcreation.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Towers-mall-interior-renovation8.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "114 best r/towerunite images on Pholder | I attempted to make a Catsack ...",
     "page": "https://pholder.com/r/towerunite/",
     "host": "pholder.com",
     "img": "https://i.redd.it/3biiea4ygw361.jpg",
     "engine": "bing images"
    },
    {
     "title": "Tower Mall Cinema 2 in Portsmouth, VA - Cine\u2026",
     "page": "https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/38525/photos/468444",
     "host": "cinematreasures.org",
     "img": "https://photos.cinematreasures.org/production/photos/468444/1732112318/large.png?1732112318",
     "engine": "bing images"
    }
   ],
   "refs": [],
   "query": "\"Tower Mall\" Portsmouth VA",
   "retrieved": "2026-10-15"
  }
 },
 "parcels": [],
 "url": "https://retrofitatlas.org/malls/va/portsmouth-tower-mall/",
 "photo": null,
 "provenance": {
  "*": "wikipedia",
  "year_opened": "extraction",
  "acres": "extraction",
  "after_notes": "extraction",
  "status": "extraction",
  "strategy": "extraction",
  "new_use": "extraction"
 },
 "links_out": [
  {
   "group": "official",
   "label": "Census tract 51740212600 profile (data.census.gov)",
   "url": "https://data.census.gov/profile?g=1400000US51740212600",
   "why": "the Census Bureau's own profile of the tract around the site point",
   "from": "tract.geoid 51740212600",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "official",
   "label": "Census tract 51740212600 on Census Reporter",
   "url": "https://censusreporter.org/profiles/14000US51740212600/",
   "why": "the same ACS figures, readable; Census Reporter is a Knight Lab project",
   "from": "tract.geoid 51740212600",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "official",
   "label": "Portsmouth city (51740) profile (data.census.gov)",
   "url": "https://data.census.gov/profile?g=050XX00US51740",
   "why": "the county's Census profile",
   "from": "site.county_fips 51740",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "official",
   "label": "FEMA flood map (NFHL) at this point",
   "url": "https://msc.fema.gov/portal/search?AddressQuery=36.81111%2C-76.35556",
   "why": "FEMA Map Service Center search by coordinates: the effective flood zone and panel \u00b7 zone on record: X",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "official",
   "label": "EPA ECHO facilities within 1 mile",
   "url": "https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search/results?p_lat=36.81111&p_long=-76.35556&p_radius=1",
   "why": "EPA Enforcement and Compliance History: regulated facilities near the point",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Wikipedia article",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Crossing",
   "why": "the encyclopedia article for this site (CC BY-SA)",
   "from": "site.wikipedia",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Wikimedia Commons photos within 500 m",
   "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=nearcoord%3A500m%2C36.81111%2C-76.35556&ns6=1",
   "why": "a Commons geo-search around the point; licences vary by file",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Retrofitting Suburbia (book site)",
   "url": "https://www.retrofittingsuburbia.com/",
   "why": "Ellen Dunham-Jones and June Williamson's book and case studies, the research this database is built on",
   "from": "constant",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Google Maps",
   "url": "https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=36.81111%2C-76.35556",
   "why": "the point on Google Maps",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Street View",
   "url": "https://www.google.com/maps/@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=36.81111%2C-76.35556",
   "why": "the nearest Street View panorama",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Bing Maps",
   "url": "https://www.bing.com/maps?cp=36.81111~-76.35556&lvl=17",
   "why": "the point on Bing Maps (Bird's eye where available)",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Apple Maps",
   "url": "https://maps.apple.com/?ll=36.81111,-76.35556&z=17&q=Tower%20Mall",
   "why": "the point on Apple Maps",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "OpenStreetMap",
   "url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.81111&mlon=-76.35556#map=17/36.81111/-76.35556",
   "why": "the point on OpenStreetMap",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Walk Score at this point",
   "url": "https://www.walkscore.com/score/loc/lat=36.81111/lng=-76.35556",
   "why": "Walk Score's walkability, transit and bike scores for the coordinates",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "Transitland map",
   "url": "https://www.transit.land/map#17/36.81111/-76.35556",
   "why": "transit routes and stops from open GTFS feeds around the point",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "place",
   "label": "USGS National Map",
   "url": "https://apps.nationalmap.gov/viewer/?center=-76.35556,36.81111&zoom=16",
   "why": "topographic and elevation layers from the USGS",
   "from": "site.lat/lon",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "market",
   "label": "LoopNet: for sale in Portsmouth, VA",
   "url": "https://www.loopnet.com/search/commercial-real-estate/portsmouth-va/for-sale/",
   "why": "LoopNet's city search (checked in a browser 21 Oct 2026); the site itself may or may not be listed",
   "from": "site.city + state \u2192 search",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow sponsored"
  },
  {
   "group": "market",
   "label": "DeadMalls.com \u00b7 Tower Mall",
   "url": "https://www.deadmalls.com/malls/tower_mall.html",
   "why": "field notes and visitor memories; matched by name+state",
   "from": "deadmalls.url",
   "rel": "noopener"
  },
  {
   "group": "news",
   "label": "Google News: \u201cTower Mall\u201d",
   "url": "https://news.google.com/search?q=%22Tower+Mall%22+Portsmouth",
   "why": "news search for the site name and city",
   "from": "site.name + city \u2192 search",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow"
  },
  {
   "group": "news",
   "label": "Bing News: \u201cTower Mall\u201d",
   "url": "https://www.bing.com/news/search?q=%22Tower+Mall%22+Portsmouth",
   "why": "news search for the site name and city",
   "from": "site.name + city \u2192 search",
   "rel": "noopener nofollow"
  },
  {
   "group": "reference",
   "label": "Portsmouth, Virginia on Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portsmouth,_Virginia",
   "why": "the city or town's article: government, history, demographics",
   "from": "city_wikipedia.json (Wikipedia API)",
   "rel": "noopener"
  }
 ]
}